A Review of the Dynamic Mathematical Modeling of Heavy Metal Removal with the Biosorption Process

Biosorption has great potential in removing toxic effluents from wastewater, especially heavy metal ions such as cobalt, lead, copper, mercury, cadmium, nickel and other ions. Mathematically modeling of biosorption process is essential for the economical robust design equipment employing bioadsorption process. However, a complex physicochemical involving various transport equilibrium processes, absorption, adsorption, ion exchange surface interfacial phenomena. The becomes even more cases multicomponent systems needs an extensive parametric analysis to develop mathematical model order quantify recovery performance involves parameters, concentration, contact time, pH, charge, porosity, pore size, available sites, velocity coefficients, related activity, diffusion dispersion. In this review paper, we describe fundamental physical chemical processes involved metals on types commonly employed biosorbents. most common steady state dynamic models batch fixed-bed columns are summarized. Mathematical results highly coupled partial differential equations. Approximate methods study sensitivity important parameters suggested.